Англо-русский толковый словарь терминов и сокращений по ВТ, Интернету и программированию. . 1998-2007.
Prime number — Prime redirects here. For other uses, see Prime (disambiguation). A prime number (or a prime) is a natural number greater than 1 that has no positive divisors other than 1 and itself. A natural number greater than 1 that is not a prime number is… … Wikipedia
Quadratic probing — is a scheme in computer programming for resolving collisions in hash tables.Quadratic probing operates by taking the original hash value and adding successive values of an arbitrary quadratic polynomial to the starting value. This algorithm is… … Wikipedia
Quadratic residue — In number theory, an integer q is called a quadratic residue modulo n if it is congruent to a perfect square modulo n; i.e., if there exists an integer x such that: Otherwise, q is called a quadratic nonresidue modulo n. Originally an abstract… … Wikipedia
Quadratic reciprocity — The law of quadratic reciprocity is a theorem from modular arithmetic, a branch of number theory, which shows a remarkable relationship between the solvability of certain quadratic equations modulo different prime moduli.Although it allows us to… … Wikipedia
Quadratic sieve — The quadratic sieve algorithm (QS) is a modern integer factorization algorithm and, in practice, the second fastest method known (after the general number field sieve). It is still the fastest for integers under 100 decimal digits or so, and is… … Wikipedia
Quadratic field — In algebraic number theory, a quadratic field is an algebraic number field K of degree two over Q. It is easy to show that the map d ↦ Q(√d) is a bijection from the set of all square free integers d ≠ 0, 1 to the set of… … Wikipedia
Quadratic residuosity problem — The quadratic residuosity problem in computational number theory is the question of distinguishing by calculation the quadratic residues in modular arithmetic for a modulus N , where N is a composite number. This is an important consideration in… … Wikipedia
Quadratic irrational — In mathematics, a quadratic irrational, also known as a quadratic irrationality or quadratic surd, is an irrational number that is the solution to some quadratic equation with rational coefficients. Since fractions can be cleared from a quadratic … Wikipedia
Quadratic Gauss sum — For the general type of Gauss sums see Gaussian period, Gauss sumIn mathematics, quadratic Gauss sums are certain sums over exponential functions with quadratic argument. They are named after Carl Friedrich Gauss, who studied them… … Wikipedia
quadratic residue — Math. a number x that is relatively prime to a given integer y and for which a number z exists whose square gives the same remainder as x when divided by y. * * * … Universalium
quadratic reciprocity — noun Mathematical theorem relating the Jacobi symbol to the inverted , essentially relating the question of whether a is a square modulo b to the opposite question of whether b is a square modulo a (or modulo the prime factors) … Wiktionary
